The timeline of historic inventions is a chronological list of particularly important or significant technological inventions.
Note: Dates for inventions are often controversial. Inventions are often invented by several inventors around the same time, or may be invented in an impractical form many years before another inventor improves the invention into a more practical form. Where there is ambiguity, the date of the first known working version of the invention is used here.
Paleolithic era
- See also: Paleolithic
Note: BP means "Before Present".
- Indeterminate: Music, Language
- 2.4 Million BP: Struck stone tools in East Africa
- 2.4 Million BP: Olduwan (struck stone tools) in East Africa
- 1.8 Million BP: Controlled fire[1] in East Africa
- 1.8 Million BP: Cooking[2] in East Africa
- 1.65 Million BP: Acheulean (struck and reworked stone tools) in Kenya
- 1.4 Million BP: Knife in Ethiopia, East Africa
- 1 Million BP: Sterilization of food & water in East Africa
- 500,000 BP: Shelter construction[3]
- 500,000-100,000 BP: Clothing
- 400,000 BP: Pigment in Zambia,[4] Southern Africa
- 160,000-140,000 BP: Burial[5] in Africa
- 140,000 BP: Bone tools in Blombos Cave, South Africa
- 140,000 BP: Shellfishing in Blombos Cave, South Africa
- 110,000 BP: Beads in Palestine[6]
- 100,000 BP: Lithic blades in Africa and Middle East
- 77,000 BP: Bedding in South Africa[7]
- 64,000 BP: Arrowhead in South Africa[8]
- 61,000 BP: Sewing needle in South Africa[8]
- 60,000 BP: Ship in New Guinea, Southeast Asia
- 60,000 BP: Bow[9]
- 43,000 BP: Mining in Swaziland, Southern Africa
- 37,000 BP: Tally stick in Swaziland,[10] Southern Africa
- 36,000 BP: Cloth woven from flax fiber, in Georgia,[11][12] Western Asia
- 28,000 BP: Twisted rope[13]
- 25,000 BP: Atlatl in Northwest Africa [14]
- 16,000 BP: Pottery in China[15]
- 15,000 BP: Boomerang in Australia[16]
10th millennium BCE
- c. 10,000 BCE: Basket weaving
- c. 9500 BCE: Granary in the Jordan Valley
- Agriculture in the Fertile Crescent (Neolithic Revolution)
- Alcoholic beverage in the Fertile Crescent
- Adobe in the ancient Near East
9th millennium BCE
- c. 8700 BCE: Metalworking in Mesopotamia (Iraq)
- c. 8700 BCE: Copper in Mesopotamia (Iraq)
- c. 8700 BCE: Copper pendant in Mesopotamia (Iraq)
- c. 8700 BCE: Pendant in Mesopotamia (Iraq)
8th millennium BCE
- Animal husbandry in the ancient Near East
7th millennium BCE
- c. 7000 BCE: Dental drill in Mehrgarh, Pakistan[17]
- c. 7000 BCE: Drill in Mehrgarh, Pakistan
- c. 6200 BCE: Map in Çatalhöyük, Asia Minor
- Cloth woven from flax fiber
6th millennium BCE
- Irrigation in the Fertile Crescent
- Beer in Sumer, Mesopotamia (Iraq)[16]
- City in Mesopotamia (Iraq)
- Plough in Mesopotamia (Iraq)
5th millennium BCE
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- Wheel in Mesopotamia
- Wheel-and-axle combination in Mesopotamia
- Beer and bread in Egypt
- Bow drill in Mehrgarh, Pakistan[18]
- Ice skate in Scandinavia[19]
- Sailing in Mespotamia[20]
4th millennium BCE
- 4000 BCE: Canal in Mesopotamia (Iraq)
- 4000 BCE: Stone paved street in Ur, Mesopotamia
- 3807-3806 BCE: Timber-engineered roadway in England
- 3630 BCE: Silk in China
- 3600 BCE: Free-standing Masonry Architecture at Ġgantija, Gozo, Malta
- 3500 BCE: Plywood in Egypt
- 3500 BCE: Writing in Sumer
- 3500 BCE: Carts in Sumer
- 3100 BCE: Drainage in the Indus Valley Civilization (India/Pakistan)
- 3000 BCE: Sailing
- 3000 BCE: Reservoir in Girnar, Indus Valley Civilization[21]
- Bronze: Susa, Iran
- Comb in Persia (Iran)
- Cement in Egypt
- River boats in Egypt
- Noodle in China
3rd millennium BCE
- 2800 BCE: Soap in Mesopotamia
- 2800 BCE: Button in the Indus Valley Civilization (India/Pakistan)
- 2800 BCE: Bathroom in the Indus Valley Civilization[22]
- 2800 BCE: Toilet in Mohenjo-daro, Indus Valley Civilization[22]
- 2700 BCE: Plumbing in the Indus Valley Civilization[22]
- 2700 BCE: Sanitary sewer in the Indus Valley Civilization[22]
- 2700 BCE: Sewage collection and disposal in the Indus Valley Civilization[22]
- 2630-2611 BCE: Step pyramid: Imhotep in Egypt
- 2600s BCE: Papyrus: Imhotep in Egypt
- 2600s BCE: Suture: Imhotep in Egypt
- 2600s BCE: Pharmaceutical cream: Imhotep in Egypt
- 2600 BCE: Bangle in Mohenjo-daro, Indus Valley Civilization[23]
- 2600 BCE: Chariot in Mesopotamia
- 2600 BCE: Urban planning in the Indus Valley Civilization[24][25]
- 2500s BCE: Flush toilet in Harappa and Mohenjo-daro, Indus Valley Civilization[26]
- 2500s BCE: Stepwell in Mohenjo-daro, Indus Valley Civilization[27]
- 2500 BCE: Arch in Mohenjo-daro, Indus Valley Civilization[28]
- 2500 BCE: Animal-drawn plough in the Indus Valley Civilization[29]
- 2500 BCE: Puppet in the Indus Valley Civilization[30]
- 2500-1900 BCE: Furnace in Balakot, Indus Valley Civilization[31]
- 2500-900 BCE: Oven in Balakot, Indus Valley Civilization[31]
- 2400 BCE: Shipyard in Lothal, Indus Valley Civilization
- 2400 BCE: Dock in Lothal, Indus Valley Civilization[32]
- 2400 BCE: Ruler in Lothal, Indus Valley Civilization[33]
- 2000 BCE: Cockfighting in the Indus Valley Civilization[34]
- 2000 BCE: Currency
- Dice in the Indus Valley Civilization[35]
- Dye in Mohenjo-daro, Indus Valley Civilization[36]
- Public bath in Mohenjo-daro, Indus Valley Civilization[37]
- Swimming pool in Mohenjo-daro, Indus Valley Civilization[38]
- Aqueduct in ancient Egypt and Indus Valley Civilization
- Candles in Egypt
- Dagger in Near East
- Sickle-sword in Sumer
- Alphabet in Phoenicia
- Ink in China
- Sledges in Scandinavia
- Ski in Scandinavia[16]
2nd millennium BCE
- c. 2000 BCE: Shaduf in Egypt and Mesopotamia
- c. 2000 BCE: Crane in Egypt and Mesopotamia
- c. 2000 BCE: Pulley in Egypt and Mesopotamia
- 1900 BCE: Veterinary medicine in ancient Egypt and Vedic India[39]
- 1500-400 BCE: Kabaddi in India[40]
- 1300–1000 BCE: Zinc in India[41]
- 1000s BCE: Coins in China
- 1000 BCE: Lens in Assyria
- c. 1000 BCE: Central heating: Ondol in Korea[42]
- c. 1000 BCE: Underfloor heating: Ondol in Korea[42]
- c. 1000 BCE: Dike in the Indus Valley Civilization[43]
- Iron in India, Anatolia, and Caucasus
- Perfume: Tapputi in Mesopotamia
- Bronze Age sword in Mesopotamia
- Glass in Egypt[44]
- Rubber in Mesoamerica
- Spoked-wheel chariot: Indo-Iranians
- Water clock in Egypt
- Iron Age sword Proto-Celtic
- Bells in China
- Fork in China[45]
- Umbrella in Mesopotamia
- Calibration in the Indus Valley Civilization[46]
- Metrology in the Indus Valley Civilization[46]
1st millennium BCE
- c. 700 BCE: Chain in Mesopotamia
- c. 700 BCE: Chain pump in Babylonia[47]
- c. 700 BCE: Screw: Sennacherib in Mesopotamia
- c. 700 BCE: Screw pump: Sennacherib in Mesopotamia
- c. 700 BCE: Water screw: Sennacherib in Mesopotamia
- c. 600 BCE: Chopsticks in China
- 500s BCE: Sugar in India
- 500s BCE: Dental bridge in Etruria
- 500s BCE: Kite: Lu Ban in China
- 500s BCE: Plastic surgery: Sushruta in India
- 500s BCE: Cosmetic surgery: Sushruta in India
- 500s BCE: Rhinoplasty: Sushruta in India
- 500s BCE: Cataract surgery: Sushruta[48] in India
- 500s BCE: Rotary mill by Phoenicians in Carthage [3]
- c. 500s BCE: Rotary quern by Phoenicians [4]
- 500s BCE: Sakia in Persian Egypt
- 500s BCE: Animal-powered water wheel in Persian Egypt
- 500 BCE: Iron plough in China
- c. 500 BCE: Royal Road in Persian Empire
- c. 500 BCE: Highway in Persian Empire
- 500-100 BCE: Big-toe stirrup in India[49][50]
- 499-477 BCE: Horse collar in China[51]
- 475 BCE: Scythed Chariot: Ajatashatru in India
- 400s BCE: Linguistics: Pāṇini in India[52]
- 400s BCE: Traction trebuchet in China
- 400s BCE: Cast iron in China
- 400s BCE: Crossbow in China
- c. 400s BCE: Lever in Egypt and China
- 300s BCE: Water wheel in India[53]
- 300s BCE: Hydropowered water wheel in Egypt
- 300s BCE: Watermill in India[53] and Egypt
- 300s BCE: Noria in India[53] and Egypt
- 300s BCE: Compass in China
- 300s BCE: Star catalogues: Gan De and Shi Shen
- 300s BCE: India ink in India
- c. 300 BCE: Wootz steel in India[54]
- 300 BCE: Crucible steel in India[55]
- 300-100 BCE: Blast furnace in China
- 300-100 BCE: Cupola furnace in China
- 300-100 BCE: Pig iron in China
- 200s BCE: Diamond gemstone in India[56]
- 200s BCE: Clockwork in Egypt[57] and China
- 200s BCE: Clockwork escapement mechanism in Egypt[57]
- 200s BCE: Hydropowered Sakia in Egypt
- 285 BCE: Suspension bridge in China
- 210 BCE: Chromium use in China
- 200s BCE: Odometer: Archimedes?
- 200s BCE: Cashmere wool in India[58]
- 200s BCE: Contour canal: Shi Lu in China
- 200s BCE: Lock gate in China
- 200s BCE: Stupa in India[59]
- 200s BCE: Pagoda in India[59]
- 200s BCE: Gear in Egypt and China
- 200s BCE: Gear train in Egypt and China
- 202-1 BCE: Bellows in China
- 150s BCE: Astrolabe in Eastern Mediterranean
- 100s BCE: Parchment in Pergamon, Asia Minor
- 500 BCE: Heavy plough in China
- 100s BCE: Wheelbarrow in China[60]
- 100 BCE: Trip hammer in China
- 52 BCE: Armillary sphere: Geng Shouchang in China
- 21 BCE: Collapsable umbrella: Wang Mang[61]
- Cautery in Asia Minor[62]
- Speculum in Asia Minor[62]
- Cross-bladed scissors in Asia Minor[62][63]
- Surgical needle in Asia Minor[62]
- Catapult in ancient Near East
- South Pointing Chariot in China
- Differential gear in China
- Flash lock in China
- Bookbinding in India
- Blowgun in India[64]
- Indigo dye in India[65]
- Iron pellet in India[64]
- Jute in Bengal[66]
- Prayer flags in India
- Rutway in Mesopotamia and Persia
- Toothbrush: Neem in India
1st millennium CE
- 1-500: Fore-and-aft rig in India[67]
- 1-500: Kamal in India[68]
- 1-500: Prayer wheel: Tibet[69]
- 1-500: Three-masted merchant vessel in China[70]
- 1-500: Woodblock printing in China
- 1-500: Combination lock in Roman Empire[71]
- 78-139: Hydraulic-powered armillary sphere: Zhang Heng
- 78-139: Seismometer: Zhang Heng
- 200-400: Stepwell in India[72]
- 500-800: Lateen in India[67]
- 623-632: Ambulance: Muhammad in Arabia
- 623-632: Field hospital: Muhammad in Arabia
- 670-800: Amalgamation: Islamic chemists[73]
- 670-800: Ceration: Islamic chemists[73]
- 670-800: Dry distillation: Islamic chemists
- 670-800: Solution: Islamic chemists[73]
- 670-800: Sublimation: Islamic chemists[74][73]
- 670-800: Water purification: Islamic chemists[75]
- 670-800: Purified water: Islamic chemists[75]
- 670-800: Fusible alloy: Islamic chemists[73]
- 670-800: Petrol: Islamic chemists[76]
- 700-900: Charitable trust in the Arab Empire[77][78]
- 700-1000: Spinning wheel in India[79]
- 721-815: Alembic: Geber (Jabir ibn Hayyan)[80]
- 721-815: Still: Geber[80]
- 721-815: Retort: Geber[81]
- 721-815: Filtration: Geber[74]
- 721-815: Crystallization: Geber[82]
- 721-815: Pure distillation: Geber[74]
- 721-815: Distilled alcohol: Geber[80]
- 721-815: Distilled wine: Geber[80]
- 721-815: Distilled beverage: Geber[80]
- 721-815: Mineral acid: Geber[83]
- 721-815: Nitric acid: Geber[83]
- 721-815: Hydrochloric acid: Geber[83]
- 721-815: Sulfuric acid: Geber[83][84]
- 721-815: Uric acid: Geber[85]
- 721-815: Acetic acid: Geber[82][86]
- 721-815: Citric acid: Geber[82]
- 721-815: Tartaric acid: Geber[82]
- 721-815: Aqua regia: Geber[83]
- 721-815: Cheese glue: Geber[87]
- 721-815: Plated mail: Geber[87]
- 721-815: Lustreware: Geber[88]
- 721-815: Tin-glazing: Geber[89]
- 721-815: Cucurbit: Geber[73]
- 721-815: Evacuation tube: Geber[73]
- 721-815: Aludel: Geber[73]
- 721-815: Artificial pearl[87]
- 721-815: Purified pearl[87]
- 721-815: Dyed pearl[87]
- 721-815: Dyed gemstone [87]
- 721-815: Artificial gemstone[87]
- 721-925: Rose water: Geber, Al-Kindi (Alkindus), Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi (Rhazes)[73]
- 721-925: Heated bath: Geber, Al-Kindi, Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi[73]
- 721-925: Sand bath: Geber, Al-Kindi, Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi[73]
- 721-925: Funnel: Geber, Al-Kindi, Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi[73]
- 721-925: Sieve: Geber, Al-Kindi, Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi[73]
- 721-925: Filter: Geber, Al-Kindi, Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi[73]
- 763-809: Public hospital: Bimaristan in Baghdad, Iraq
- c. 800-1000: Switch: Arabic engineers[90]
- 800-1000: Wind powered gristmills in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iran[91]
- 800-1000: Sugar refinery in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iran[91]
- 800-1000: Metal block printing in Egypt[92]
- 800-1000: Almucantar quadrant: Arabic astronomers[93]
- 800-1000: Navigational astrolabe: Arabic astronomers[94]
- 800-1000: Vertical sundial: Arabic astronomers[95]
- 800-1000: Polar sundial: Arabic astronomers[95]
- 800-1000: Coffee: Khalid in Ethiopia
- 800-1000: Shaving soap: Arabic chemists
- 800-1000: Plumb line: Arabic engineers[96]
- 800-1000: Reed level: Arabic engineers[96]
- 800-1000: Triangulation: Arabic engineers[96]
- 800-1000: Geared gristmill: Arabic engineers[97]
- 800-1000: Shatranj in Persia
- 800-1000: Paned window in the Arab Empire[98]
- 800-1000: Street lamp in the Arab Empire[98]
- 800-1000: Sherbet in the Arab Empire[99]
- 800-1000: Soft drink in the Arab Empire[99][100]
- 800-1000: Syrup in the Arab Empire[99]
- 800-1000: Mercury escapement mechanism in the Middle East
- 800-1000: Bridge dam in Iran[101]
- 800-1000: Milling dam in Iran[101][102]
- 800-1000: Diversion dam in Iraq[101]
- 800-1000: Public library in the Arab Empire[103]
- 800-1000: Lending library in the Arab Empire[103]
- 800-1000: Library catalog in the Arab Empire[104]
- 800-1000: Firecracker in China
- 800-1000: Snakes and ladders in India
- 801-1000: Municipal solid waste handling: Al-Kindi, Qusta ibn Luqa, Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi, Ibn Al-Jazzar, al-Masihi[105]
- 836-1000: Erectile dysfunction treatment: Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi, Thabit bin Qurra (Thebit), Ibn Al-Jazzar[106]
- 853-929: Observation tube: Muhammad ibn Jābir al-Harrānī al-Battānī (Albatenius)[107]
- 865-925: Hard soap: Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi[108]
- 865-925: Chemotherapy: Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi[109]
- 865-925: Antiseptic: Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi[110]
1st century
- 38 CE: Hydraulic-powered bellows: Du Shi
- 50 CE: Mouldboard plough in China and Gaul
- 77 CE: Encyclopedia (comprehensive work): Pliny the Elder[16]
- Junk ship in China
- Junk rudder in China[111]
2nd century
- 105: Paper: Cai Lun in China[112]
- 132: Rudimentary Seismometer: Zhang Heng in China
- 180: Rotary fan: Ding Huan in China
- 180: Winnowing fan: Ding Huan in China
- Steam power in Egypt
- Vending machine in Egypt
- Force pump in Egypt
- Carding in India[113]
3rd century
- Kongming lantern (Hot air balloon) in China
- Proto-hospital: Bimaristan at the Academy of Gondishapur, Persia
4th century
- Iron pillar in Delhi, India
- Corrosion-resistant iron: Iron pillar of Delhi in India[114]
- Toothpaste in Roman Egypt
5th century
6th century
- 589: Toilet paper: Yan Zhitui in China
- Chess: Chaturanga in India[116]
- Ludo: Pachisi in India[117]
- Incense clock in India[118][119]
- Ludo in India[117]
7th century
- 605: Fully-stone open-spandrel segmental arch bridge: Li Chun in China
- 618-700: Porcelain in China
- 618-907: Water-powered rotary fan in China
- 673: Flamethrower: Kallinikos of Heliopolis in Syria ("Greek fire")
- 700: Quill pen
8th century
- 707: Hospital: Bimaristan in Damascus, Syria
- 754: Apothecary: Islamic physicians[120] in Baghdad
- 754: Drugstore in Baghdad[121]
- 754: Pharmacy in Baghdad[121]
- 758-764: Tar pavement in Baghdad[110]
- 763-800: Public hospital: Harun al-Rashid[122]
- 763-800: Psychiatric hospital: Bimaristan in Baghdad[123]
- 794: Paper mill in Baghdad[124]
- Destructive distillation: Islamic chemists[110]
- Inoculation: Madhav in India[125]
9th century
- 800-850: Quadrant: Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī (Algorismi)[126]
- 800-850: Mural instrument: Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī[126]
- 800-850: Sine quadrant: Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī[126]
- 800-850: Horary quadrant: Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī[126]
- 800-850: Alhidade: Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī[127]
- 800-857: Under-arm deodorant: Ziryab[128]
- 800-857: Beauty parlour: Ziryab[129]
- 800-857: Bangs: Ziryab[129]
- 800-857: Chemical depilatory: Ziryab[129]
- 800-873: Valve: Banū Mūsā in Iraq[130]
- 800-873: Float valve: Banū Mūsā[130]
- 800-873: Feedback controller: Banū Mūsā[130]
- 800-873: Float chamber: Banū Mūsā[131]
- 800-873: Automatic control: Banū Mūsā[131]
- 800-873: Automatic flute player: Banū Mūsā[132]
- 800-873: Programmable machine: Banū Mūsā[132]
- 800-873: Trick drinking vessels: Banū Mūsā[133]
- 800-873: Gas mask: Banū Mūsā[133]
- 800-873: Grab: Banū Mūsā[133]
- 800-873: Clamshell grab: Banū Mūsā[133]
- 800-873: Fail-safe system: Banū Mūsā[133]
- 800-873: Mechanical musical instrument: Banū Mūsā[134]
- 800-873: Hydropowered organ: Banū Mūsā[134]
- 800-873: Hurricane lamp: Banū Mūsā[133]
- 800-873: Self-feeding oil lamp: Banū Mūsā[133]
- 800-873: Self-trimming oil lamp: Ahmad ibn Mūsā ibn Shākir[133]
- 801-873: Pure alcohol: Al-Kindi (Alkindus)[135]
- 810-887: Glass from stones: Abbas Ibn Firnas in al-Andalus[136]
- 810-887: convex lens
- 810-887: Clear colourless high-purity glass: Abbas Ibn Firnas[136][137]
- 810-887: Metronome: Abbas Ibn Firnas[138]
- 810-887: Artificial weather simulation: Abbas Ibn Firnas[138]
- 813-833: Medical school: Al-Ma'mun[122]
- 827: Mechanical singing bird automaton: Al-Ma'mun[139]
- 852: Parachute: Abbas Ibn Firnas in al-Andalus[85]
- 859: University: Fatima al-Fihri[140][141]
- 875: Hang glider: Abbas Ibn Firnas[138][142]
- 875: Artificial wing: Abbas Ibn Firnas[138][142]
- 875: Flight control frame: Abbas Ibn Firnas[138][142]
- c. 865-900: Kerosene: Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi (Rhazes) in Iraq[110][143]
- Muslin in Dhaka, Bengal[144][145]
- Stonepaste ceramics in Iraq[146]
- Black powder in China
- Gunpowder in China
- Water turbine in the Arab Empire[133]
- Universal sundial in Baghdad[147]
- Universal horary dial in Baghdad[148][149]
- Vertical-axle windmill in Afghanistan[150]
- Naphtha in Azerbaijan[110]
- Oil well in Azerbaijan[110]
- College: Madrasah in the Muslim world[151]
10th century
- 903-986: Timekeeping astrolabe: Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi (Azophi)[152]
- 904: Fire Arrow in China
- 919: Double-piston flamethrower in China
- 984: Pound lock: Qiao Weiyo
- 953: Fountain pen: Al-Muizz Lideenillah of Egypt[85][153][154]
- 960-1000: Restaurant in the Arab Empire[155]
- 994: Astronomical sextant: Abu-Mahmud al-Khujandi in Persia[156]
- 996: Geared mechanical astrolabe: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī[157]
- Banknote in China
- Fire lance in China
- Gun in China
- Milling factory in Baghdad[158]
- Cartographic grid in Baghdad[159]
- Graph paper in the Arab Empire[160][161][162]
- Horizontal-axle windmill in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iran[150]
2nd millennium
11th century
- c. 1000: Pendulum: Ibn Yunus in Egypt[163]
- c. 1000: Injection syringe: Ammar ibn Ali al-Mawsili of Iraq[110][164][165]
- c. 1000: Hypodermic needle: Ammar ibn Ali al-Mawsili[164][165]
- c. 1000: Cataract extraction: Ammar ibn Ali al-Mawsili[164][165]
- c. 1000: Suction: Ammar ibn Ali al-Mawsili[164][165]
- 1000: Ligature: Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) in Al-Andalus[166]
- 1000: Adhesive plaster: Abu al-Qasim[167]
- 1000: Curette: Abu al-Qasim[168]
- 1000: Retractor: Abu al-Qasim[168]
- 1000: Scalpel: Abu al-Qasim[169]
- 1000: Lithotomy scalpel: Abu al-Qasim[169]
- 1000: Surgical needle: Abu al-Qasim[170]
- 1000: Surgical catgut: Abu al-Qasim
- 1000: Surgical hook: Abu al-Qasim[168]
- 1000: Surgical rod: Abu al-Qasim[168]
- 1000: Surgical spoon: Abu al-Qasim[168]
- 1000: Inhalational anaesthetic: Abu al-Qasim[110][171]
- 1000: Anaesthetic sponge: Abu al-Qasim[110][171]
- 1000: Oral anaesthesia: Abu al-Qasim[110][171]
- 1000: Cotton dressing: Abu al-Qasim[172]
- c. 1000-1009: Monumental astrolabe: Ibn Yunus[173]
- c. 1000-1020: Heliocentric astrolabe: Al-Sijzi[174]
- c. 1000-1037: Thermometer: Avicenna (Ibn Sina) in Persia[175]
- c. 1000-1037: Essential oil: Avicenna[176]
- c. 1000-1048: Orthographical astrolabe: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī in Persia[177]
- c. 1000-1048: Planisphere: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī[177][178]
- c. 1000-1048: Star chart: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī[178]
- c. 1000-1048: Laboratory flask: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī[179]
- c. 1000-1048: Pycnometer: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī[179]
- c. 1000-1048: Conical measure: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī[180]
- c. 1000-1048: Geared mechanical lunisolar calendar analog computer: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī[181]
- c. 1000-1048: Fixed-wired knowledge processing machine: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī[182]
- 1020: Mechanical astrolabe: Ibn Samh in Al-Andalus[183]
- 1021: Magnifying glass: Ibn al-Haytham[184]
- 1021: Curved mirror: Ibn al-Haytham[185][186]
- 1021: Pinhole camera: Ibn al-Haytham[187]
- 1021: Camera obscura: Ibn al-Haytham[187]
- 1021: Novel: Murasaki Shikibu[188]
- 1021: Historical novel: Murasaki Shikibu[189]
- 1021: Psychological novel: Murasaki Shikibu[190]
- 1025: Cancer therapy: Avicenna[172][191]
- 1025: Hirudotherapy: Avicenna[192]
- 1025: Medicinal leech: Avicenna[192]
- 1025: Calcium channel blocker: Avicenna[193]
- 1025: Pharmacopoeia: Avicenna[194][195]
- 1028-1087: Equatorium: Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī (Arzachel) in Al-Andalus[196]
- 1028-1087: Universal astrolabe: Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī
- 1031-1095: Raised-relief map: Shen Kuo[197][198]
- 1038-1075: Flywheel: Ibn Bassal in Al-Andalus[199]
- 1041: Movable type printing press: Bi Sheng in China
- 1044: Hand grenade: Zhen Tian Lei in China
- 1087: Almanac: Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī[200]
- 1088: Mechanical clock: Su Song
- 1088: Clock tower: Su Song
- 1088: Magnetic compass: Shen Kuo in China
- 1090: Belt drive: Qin Guan in in China
- 1090: Chain drive in China
- 1092: Astronomical clock: Su Song
- 1094: Printed star chart: Su Song
- Calico in India[201]
- Coke fuel in China
- Complex gearing: Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi in Al-Andalus[131]
- Epicyclic gearing: Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi in Al-Andalus[131]
- Segmental gearing: Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi in Al-Andalus[131]
- Geared mechanical clock: Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi in Al-Andalus[131]
- Weight-driven mechanical clock: Arabic engineers[131]
- Celestial globe: Arabic astronomers
- Glass mirror in Al-Andalus[110]
- Clear glass mirror in Al-Andalus[110]
- Cobwork in the Maghreb and Al-Andalus[202]
12th century
- c. 1100: Framed bead abacus in China
- 1100-1150: Torquetum: Jabir ibn Aflah (Geber)[203]
- 1100-1161: Tracheotomy: Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar) in Al-Andalus[170]
- 1119: Watertight hull compartment: Zhu Yu in China
- 1121: Steelyard: Al-Khazini in Persia[179]
- 1121: Hydrostatic balance: Al-Khazini[179]
- 1126: Fire arrow: Li Gang in China
- 1126: Rocket: Li Gang in China
- 1128: Cannon in China[204]
- 1135-1200: Linear astrolabe: Sharaf al-Dīn al-Tūsī in Persia[205]
- 1150: Homing pigeons in Iraq and Syria[206]
- 1154: Striking clock: Al-Kaysarani in Syria[207]
- 1187: Counterweight trebuchet: Mardi bin Ali al-Tarsusi[208][209]
- 1187: Mangonel: Mardi bin Ali al-Tarsusi[210]
- 1190: Mariner's compass in Italy[211]
- Astrolabic quadrant in Egypt[212]
- Ventilator in Egypt[213]
- Bridge mill in Al-Andalus[102]
- Hydropowered forge in Al-Andalus[91]
- Finery forge in Al-Andalus[91]
- Central heating through underfloor pipes in Syria[214]
- Fireworks in China
- Sunglasses in China
13th century
- 1206: Bolted joint lock[133]
- 1206: Clock automaton: Al-Jazari
- 1206: Flow control regulator: Al-Jazari
- 1206: Closed-loop system: Al-Jazari
- 1206: Elephant clock: Al-Jazari
- 1206: Hand washing device: Al-Jazari
- 1206: Kitchen appliance: Al-Jazari
- 1206: Camshaft: Al-Jazari[215]
- 1206: Segmental gear: Al-Jazari[216]
- 1206: Suction pipe: Al-Jazari
- 1206: Suction piston pump: Al-Jazari[217]
- 1206: Reciprocating piston motion: Al-Jazari[217]
- 1206: Double-acting engine: Al-Jazari[217]
- 1206: Humanoid robot: Al-Jazari[218]
- 1206: Programmable robot: Al-Jazari[218]
- 1206: Programmable analog computer: Al-Jazari[219]
- 1206: Automatic gate: Al-Jazari[220]
- 1206: Pointer: Al-Jazari[133][220]
- 1206: Hydropowered water supply system: Al-Jazari[220]
- 1206: Geared water supply system: Al-Jazari[220]
- 1206: Laminate: Al-Jazari[133]
- 1206: Mechanical template: Al-Jazari[133]
- 1206: Paper model: Al-Jazari[133]
- 1206: Calibration: Al-Jazari[133]
- 1206: Sand casting: Al-Jazari[133]
- 1206: Emery powder: Al-Jazari[133]
- 1206: Crankshaft-driven chain pump: Al-Jazari[221]
- 1206: Hydropowered saqiya chain pump: Al-Jazari[222]
- 1206: Intermittent working: Al-Jazari[221]
- 1206: Hour hand: Al-Jazari[223][224]
- 1232: Rocket launcher in China
- 1235: Geared astrolabe with analog computer calendar: Abi Bakr of Isfahan[225]
- 1259: Research institute: Nasīr al-Dīn al-Tūsī[226]
- 1259: Observatory institution: Nasīr al-Dīn al-Tūsī[226]
- 1260: Hand cannon in Egypt[83][227]
- 1260: Explosive gunpowder in Egypt[83][227]
- 1260: Explosive cannon in Egypt[83][227]
- 1260: Handgun in Egypt[83][227]
- 1260: Portable firearm in Egypt[83][227]
- 1260: Cartridge in Egypt[227]
- 1260: Dissolve talc in Egypt[227]
- 1260: Fire protection in Egypt[227]
- 1260: Fireproof clothing in Egypt[227]
- 1270: Pure saltpetre: Hasan al-Rammah of Syria[83][227]
- 1274: Siege cannon: Abu Yaqub Yusuf[227]
- 1275: Torpedo: Hasan al-Rammah of Syria
- 1275: Restaurant menu in China
- 1277: Land mine: Lou Qianxia in China
- c. 1296: Astronomical compass: Yemeni sultan al-Ashraf[228]
- 1297-1298: Wooden movable type printing: Wang Zhen of China [229]
- Crankshaft-driven screw: Arabic engineers[230]
- Crankshaft-driven screwpump: Arabic engineers[230]
- Sandpaper in China
- Solid-fuel rocket in China
- Condom in Italy
- Snakes and ladders in India[231]
14th century
- 1304-1375: Astrolabic clock: Ibn al-Shatir[232]
- 1304-1375: Compendium instrument: Ibn al-Shatir[95]
- 1304-1375: Compass dial: Ibn al-Shatir[233]
- 1350: Rope bridge in Peru
- 1355: Bombard: Jiao Yu and Liu Ji
- 1355: Booster: Jiao Yu and Liu Ji
- 1355: Matchlock: Jiao Yu and Liu Ji
- 1355: Multistage rocket: Jiao Yu and Liu Ji
- 1355: Naval mine: Jiao Yu and Liu Ji
- 1355: Round shot: Jiao Yu and Liu Ji
- 1355: Shell: Jiao Yu and Liu Ji
- 1355: Wheellock: Jiao Yu and Liu Ji
- 1371: Polar-axis sundial: Ibn al-Shatir[234]
- 32-point compass rose in the Arab world[235]
- Arquebus in China and Middle East
- Katana in Japan
- Musket in China
- Spherical astrolabe in the Middle East
15th century
- 1400-1429: Plate of conjunctions: Jamshīd al-Kāshī[236][237]
- 1400-1429: Planetary analog computer: Jamshīd al-Kāshī[237][238][239]
- 1405-1433: Troopship: Zheng He
- 1405-1433: Treasure ship: Zheng He
- 1441: Rain gauge: Jang Yeong-sil
- 1450s: Alphabetic movable type printing press: Johannes Gutenberg
- 1451: Concave lens for eyeglasses: Nicholas of Cusa
- 1490-1492: Terrestrial globe: Martin Behaim
- 1494: Double-entry bookkeeping system: Luca Pacioli
- 1498: Bristle toothbrush: Hongzhi Emperor
- Iron-chain suspension bridge in China
- Rifle in Europe
16th century
- c. 1500: Ball bearing: Leonardo Da Vinci
- c. 1500: Scissors: Leonardo Da Vinci
- 1524: Pocket watch: Peter Henlein[240]
- 1540: Ether: Valerius Cordus
- 1551: Steam turbine: Taqi al-Din in Ottoman Egypt[241]
- 1556: Spring-powered clock: Peter Henlein and Taqi al-Din[240][242]
- 1556: Spring-powered minutes pocket watch: Taqi al-Din[240]
- 1559: Six-cylinder pump: Taqi al-Din[243]
- 1565: Pencil: Conrad Gesner[16][244]
- 1577-1580: Mechanical seconds clock: Taqi al-Din[245][246]
- 1579: Prefabricated home: Akbar the Great[247]
- 1579: Movable structure: Akbar the Great[247]
- c. 1580: Hookah: Hakim Abul Fateh Gilani in Mughal India[248][249][250]
- 1582: Autocannon: Fathullah Shirazi[251]
- 1582: Multi-barrel gun: Fathullah Shirazi[251]
- 1582: Grain-griding carriage: Fathullah Shirazi[252]
- 1589: Stocking frame: William Lee
- 1589-1590: Seamless celestial globe: Ali Kashmiri ibn Luqman in Kashmir, Mughal India[253]
- 1589-1590: Seamless metal sphere: Ali Kashmiri ibn Luqman[253]
- c. 1590: Compound microscope: Zacharias Janssen, Hans Janssen, Hans Lippershey [254]
- 1592: Ironclad Warship: Yi Sun-sin in Korea
- 1593: Thermoscope: Galileo Galilei
- 1596: Water closet: John Harrington & Thomas Crapper
- Chintz in India[255]
- Pencil in England
- High-rise apartment buildings in Shibam, Yemen [256]
- Tower blocks in Shibam, Yemen[257]
- Vertical construction urban planning in Shibam, Yemen[256]
- Shuriken in Japan
- Concealed weapon in Japan
17th century
- 1609: Telescope: Hans Lippershey, Zacharias Janssen, Jacob Metius[258]
- 1610: Flintlock: Marin le Bourgeoys
- 1620: Slide rule: William Oughtred
- 1623: Automatic calculator: Wilhelm Schickard
- 1631: Vernier scale: Pierre Vernier
- 1642: Adding machine: Blaise Pascal
- 1643: Barometer: Evangelista Torricelli
- 1645: Vacuum pump: Otto von Guericke
- 1657: Pendulum clock: Christiaan Huygens
- 1672: Steam car: Ferdinand Verbiest[259][260]
- 1679: Pressure cooker: Denis Papin
- 1690: Polhem wheel: Christopher Polhem
- 1698: Steam engine powered water pump: Thomas Savery
- 1700: Piano: Bartolomeo Cristofori
- Palampore in India[261][262]
18th century
- 1709: Iron smelting using coke: Abraham Darby I
- 1712: Steam piston engine: Thomas Newcomen
- 1714: Mercury thermometer: Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit
- 1737: Marine chronometer (H1): John Harrison
- 1742: Franklin stove: Benjamin Franklin
- 1750: Flatboat: Jacob Yoder
- 1752: Lightning rod: Benjamin Franklin
- 1759: Shampoo: Sake Dean Mahomet of Bengal
- 1764: Spinning jenny: James Hargreaves/Thomas Highs
- 1767: Carbonated water: Joseph Priestley
- 1769: Water frame: Richard Arkwright/Thomas Highs
- 1775: Submarine Turtle: David Bushnell
- 1776: Steamboat: Claude de Jouffroy
- 1776: Watt steam engine: James Watt
- 1777: Card teeth making machine: Oliver Evans
- 1777: Circular saw: Samuel Miller
- 1779: Spinning mule: Samuel Crompton
- 1780s: Iron-cased rocket: Tipu Sultan in India[263]
- 1780s: Metal-cylinder rocket artillery: Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan in India[264]
- 1780s: Iron rocket artillery: Tipu Sultan of India[263]
- 1783: Hot air balloon: Montgolfier brothers
- 1784: Bifocals: Benjamin Franklin
- 1784: Oil lamp: Aimé Argand[16]
- 1784: Shrapnel shell: Henry Shrapnel
- 1785: Power loom: Edmund Cartwright
- 1785: Automatic flour mill: Oliver Evans
- 1786: Threshing machine: Andrew Meikle
- 1791: Artificial teeth: Nicholas Dubois De Chemant
- 1795: Appertization: Nicolas Appert
- 1798: Vaccination: Edward Jenner
- 1798: Lithography: Alois Senefelder
- Indian clubs in India[265]
19th century
1800s
- 1804: Locomotive: Richard Trevithick
- 1809: Arc lamp: Humphry Davy
1810s
- 1817: Kaleidoscope: David Brewster
- 1818: Bicycle: Karl Drais[16]
1820s
- 1821: Electric motor: Michael Faraday
- 1826: Photography: Joseph Nicéphore Niépce
- 1826: Internal combustion engine: Samuel Morey
- 1827: Friction match: John Walker
- 1829: Steam locomotive: George Stephenson[16]
1830s
- 1830: Thermostat: Andrew Ure[16]
- 1831: Electrical generator: Michael Faraday, Ányos Jedlik
- 1837: Standard diving dress: Augustus Siebe[266]
- 1838: closed diving suit with a helmet: Augustus Siebe[266]
1840s
- 1843: Typewriter: Charles Thurber
- 1843: Ice cream maker: Nancy Johnson
1850s
1860s
- 1860: Light Bulb: Sir Joseph Swan
- 1862: Mechanical submarine: Narcís Monturiol i Estarriol
- 1866: Dynamite: Alfred Nobel
1870s
- 1870: Chewing gum: Thomas Adams[16]
- 1870: Stock ticker: Thomas Alva Edison
- 1873: Jeans: Levi Strauss[16]
- 1874: Barbed wire: Joseph Glidden[16]
- 1874: DDT: Othmar Zeidler[16]
- 1877: Induction motor: Nikola Tesla
- 1877: Phonograph: Thomas Alva Edison
- 1878: Rebreather: Henry Fleuss[269]
1880s
- 1883: Two-phase (alternating current) induction motor: Nikola Tesla
- 1885: Machine gun: Hiram Stevens Maxim[270]
- 1888: Polyphase AC Electric power system: Nikola Tesla (30 related patents.)
- Takadiastase: Jokichi Takamine in Japan
1890s
- 1891: Escalator: Jesse W. Reno[16]
- 1891: Landing gear: Chūhachi Ninomiya in Japan
- 1891: Pusher propeller: Chūhachi Ninomiya in Japan
- 1891: Stabilizer: Chūhachi Ninomiya in Japan
- 1891: Tesla coil: Nikola Tesla
- 1893: Biplane: Chūhachi Ninomiya[271] in Japan
- 1893: Tailless aircraft: Chūhachi Ninomiya[271] in Japan
- 1893: Tuned wireless communication: Nikola Tesla (The True Wireless)
- 1893: Radio: Nikola Tesla [272]
- 1894: Radio transmission: Jagdish Chandra Bose in Bengal[273]
- 1894: Radiotelegraph: Jagdish Chandra Bose in Bengal
- 1894: Methamphetamine: Nagayoshi Nagai[274] in Japan
- 1896: Long-distance wireless transmission: Jagdish Chandra Bose in Bengal
- 1898: Remote control: Nikola Tesla
- 1898: Ignition coil: Nikola Tesla
- 1899: Iron-mercury coherer: Jagdish Chandra Bose in Bengal
20th century
1900s
- 1900: Epinephrine (adrenaline): Jokichi Takamine & Keizo Uenaka in Japan
- 1900: Self-heating can
- 1901: Mercury vapor lamp: Peter C. Hewitt
- 1902: Air Conditioner: Willis Carrier [16]
- 1903: Powered, controlled airplane: Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright (Wright brothers)
- 1907: Monosodium glutamate: Kikunae Ikeda[275] in Japan
- 1908: Cellophane: Jacques E. Brandenberger
- 1908: Haber process: Fritz Haber
- 1908: Umami: Kikunae Ikeda[276] in Japan
- Microwave optics: Jagdish Chandra Bose in Bengal
- Crescograph: Jagdish Chandra Bose in Bengal[277]
1910s
- 1910: Aberic acid: Umetaro Suzuki in Japan
- 1910: Thiamine (Vitamin B1): Umetaro Suzuki[278] in Japan
- 1910: Vitamin (B vitamin): Umetaro Suzuki in Japan
- 1913: Bra: Mary Phelps Jacob
- 1914: Tank, military: Sir William Ashbee Tritton and Major Walter Gordon Wilson[279]
- 1916: Cultured pearl: Mikimoto Kōkichi in Japan
- 1919: Theremin: Leon Theremin
1920s
- 1920: Saha ionization equation: Meghnad Saha[280] in Bengal
- 1923: Autogyro: Juan de la Cierva
- 1924: Automatic power loom: Sakichi Toyoda[281] in Japan
- 1924: Autonomation: Sakichi Toyoda[281] in Japan
- 1924: Autonomous automation: Sakichi Toyoda[281] in Japan
- 1925: Ultra-centrifuge: Theodor Svedberg - used to determine molecular weights
- 1926: Yagi antenna: Hidetsugu Yagi & Shintaro Uda in Japan
- 1926: Directional antenna: Hidetsugu Yagi & Shintaro Uda in Japan
- 1926: High-gain antenna: Hidetsugu Yagi & Shintaro Uda in Japan
- 1927: Mechanical cotton picker: John Rust
- 1928: Sliced bread: Otto Frederick Rohwedder
- 1928: Antibiotics: Alexander Fleming (Penicillin)
- 1928: Raman effect: Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman[282] in India
- 1928: Magnetic interference balance: Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar & K. N. Mathur[283] in India
- Phototelegraphic transmission: Yasujiro Niwa in Japan
- Mechanical television: Yasujiro Niwa in Japan
1930s
- 1931: Magnetic-resistant steel: Kotaro Honda in Japan
- 1931: Magnetic steel: Kotaro Honda in Japan
- 1931: Alnico: Tokuhichi Mishima in Japan
- 1931: MKM steel: Tokuhichi Mishima in Japan
- 1937: Nylon: Wallace H. Carothers[16]
- 1937: Portable electrocardiograph: Taro Takemi in Japan
- 1938: Ballpoint pen: Laszlo Biro
- 1939: Helicopter: Igor Sikorsky
- 1939: Automated teller machine (ATM): Luther George Simjian
- 1939: Vectorcardiography: Taro Takemi in Japan
- Nuclear medicine: Taro Takemi, Irene Joliot-Curie, Frederic Joliot-Curie
1940s
- 1941: Velcro: George de Mestral
- 1942: Nuclear reactor: Enrico Fermi[16] and Robert Oppenheimer
- 1942: Undersea oil pipeline: Hartley, Anglo-Iranian, Siemens in Operation Pluto
- 1944: Fire balloon in Japan
- 1945: Nuclear weapon: Manhattan Project
- 1946: Bikini: Louis Réard[16]
- 1947: Transistor: William Shockley, Walter Brattain, John Bardeen
- 1947: Polaroid camera: Edwin Land
- 1948: Long Playing Record: Peter Carl Goldmark
- 1948: Holography: Dennis Gabor[16]
- 1949: Atomic clocks
- 1949: Kei car in Japan
- Electric rice cooker: Mitsubishi Electric in Japan
1950s
- 1950: Steadicam tracking shot: Akira Kurosawa in Japan
- 1951: Combined oral contraceptive pill: Djerassi, Miramontes, and Rosenkranz [284]
- 1951: Liquid Paper: Bette Nesmith Graham
- 1952: Floppy disk: Yoshiro Nakamatsu[285] in Japan
- 1952: Optical fiber: Narinder Singh Kapany[286][287]
- 1952: Fusion bomb: Edward Teller and Stanislaw Ulam
- 1953: Medical ultrasonography
- 1955: Video phone: Gregorio Y. Zara in the Philippines
- 1955: Bounce lighting: Subrata Mitra[288][289] in Bengal
- 1956: Digital clock
- 1957: Electric compact calculator: Casio in Japan
- 1957: Satellite: Kerim Kerimov (Sputnik 1) in Turkestan
- 1958: Implantable pacemaker: Rune Elmqvist
- 1959: Bullet train: Kawasaki Heavy Industries in Japan
- Dedicated high-speed rail lines in Japan
- High-speed narrow gauge railway: Shinkansen in Japan
1960s
- 1960: Laser: Theodore Harold Maiman
- 1960: Solid-state electronic calculator: Sony in Japan
- 1961: Human spaceflight: Yuri Gagarin, Sergey Korolyov and Kerim Kerimov[290] in Turkestan
- 1967: Space dock: Kerim Kerimov[290][291] in Turkestan
- 1967: Automatic Teller Machine: John Shepherd-Barron
- 1967: Bullet Time: Tatsunoko Production in Japan
- 1967: Hypertext: Project Xanadu
- 1967: Quartz wristwatch: Seiko[292] in Japan
- 1969: Video cassette: Sony in Japan
- Aperture grille: Sony in Japan
- Packet switching: Paul Baran
- Shearing interferometer: M. V. R. K. Murty in India[293]
1970s
- 1970: Pocket calculator: Sanyo, Canon, and Sharp, in Japan
- 1970: Cup noodles: Nissin Foods in Japan
- 1971: Instant noodles: Momofuku Ando in Japan
- 1971: Space station: Kerim Kerimov[290][291] in Turkestan
- 1971: Karaoke: Daisuke Inoue in Japan
- 1971: Microprocessor: Masatoshi Shima, Federico Faggin, Ted Hoff
- 1971: Pocket calculator: Sharp Corporation in Japan
- 1971: Magnetic resonance imaging: Raymond Vahan Damadian
- 1971: Oil-eating bacteria: Ananda Mohan Chakrabarty
- 1971: Genetically modified organism: Ananda Mohan Chakrabarty
- 1971: Pseudomonas: Ananda Mohan Chakrabarty
- 1971: Videocassette recorder: Sony in Japan
- 1972: Mecha: Go Nagai in Japan
- 1972: Pulse-code modulation: Denon in Japan
- 1972: Video game console: Ralph Baer (Magnavox Odyssey)
- 1972: Personal computer: Sord SMP80/X in Japan
- 1973: Hybrid rice in China[294]
- 1974: Microfinance: Muhammad Yunus in Bangladesh
- 1974: Microcredit: Muhammad Yunus in Bangladesh
- 1974: Microloan: Muhammad Yunus in Bangladesh
- 1974: Hybrid vehicle: Victor Wouk [5]
- 1976: Perpendicular recording: Shun-ichi Iwasaki at Tohoku University in Japan
- 1976: Polyphony: Yamaha in Japan
- 1976: ROM cartridge: Jerry Lawson (Fairchild Channel F game console)
- 1977: Personal stereo: Andreas Pavel in Brazil
- 1978: Credit-card-sized calculator: Casio in Japan
- 1978: Solar-powered calculator: Sharp in Japan
- 1979: Walkman: Sony in Japan
- Digital audio: Denon in Japan
1980s
- 1980: Compact Disc: Sony[16] in Japan
- 1980: Flash memory: Fujio Masuoka[295][296] in Japan
- 1981: Handheld electronic camera: Sony in Japan
- 1981: Video Floppy: Sony in Japan
- 1982: Compact Disc player: Sony[297] in Japan
- 1982: CD-ROM: An acronym of "Compact Disc Read-only memory", it is a pre-pressed compact disc that contains data accessible to, but not writable by, a computer for data storage and music playback. The 1985 Yellow Book standard developed by Sony adapted the format to hold any form of binary data.[298]
- 1982: Insulated gate bipolar transistor: Hans Becke and Carl Wheatley RCA
- 1982: ACE inhibitor: John R. Vane
- 1982: Artificial heart: Robert Jarvik, incorporating modifications to earlier experimental designs
- 1982: Camcorder: Sony in Japan
- 1982: D-pad: Gunpei Yokoi in Japan
- 1982: Pocket television: Sony in Japan
- 1982: Flat panel display: Sony in Japan
- 1982: Parallax scrolling: Irem[299] in Japan
- 1983: Personal digital assistant: Casio in Japan
- 1983: Internet: first TCP/IP network by Robert E. Kahn, Vint Cerf and others
- 1984: Digital synthesizer: Yamaha in Japan
- 1984: Portable CD player: Sony in Japan
- 1984: Phase distortion synthesis: Casio in Japan
- 1984: Thin-film transistor (TFT): Shunpei Yamazaki in Japan
- 1984: Lithotripsy: Claude Dornier
- 1985: Graphing calculator: Casio in Japan
- 1985: Polymerase chain reaction: Kary Mullis
- 1985: DNA fingerprinting: Alec Jeffreys
- 1986: Digital single-lens reflex camera: Nikon in Japan
- 1987: Statin, cholesterol drug: Carl Hoffman
- 1987: Digital Light Processing: Dr. Larry Hornbeck, Texas Instruments
- 1987: Electronically-controlled continuously variable transmission: Subaru
- 1988: Digital camera: Fuji in Japan
- 1988: Liquid crystal display television: Sharp Corporation in Japan
- 1989: Continuously variable transmission car: Subaru in Japan
- 1989: Blue laser: Isamu Akasaki in Japan
- 1989: Gallium nitride: Isamu Akasaki[300] in Japan
- 1989: p–n junction: Isamu Akasaki[300] in Japan
- 1989: Digital waveguide synthesis: Yamaha in Japan
- Digital Audio Tape: Sony in Japan
- PCM adaptor: Sony in Japan
- Vowel-Consonant synthesis: Casio in Japan
1990s
- 1990: Handheld colour television: Sony in Japan
- 1990: Handheld liquid crystal display television: Sony in Japan
- 1990: World Wide Web: Tim Berners-Lee[16][301]
- 1991: Memory card: Japan Electronic Industries Development Association
- 1992: Plasma colour display: Fujitsu in Japan
- 1993: Global Positioning System: United States Department of Defense
- 1993: Blue LED: Shuji Nakamura in Japan
- 1994: Physical modelling synthesis: Yamaha in Japan
- 1994: Wiki: Ward Cunningham[302]
- 1995: DVD: An optical disc storage format, invented and developed by Japanese companies Sony, Toshiba and Panasonic in 1995. DVD's offer higher storage capacity than Compact Discs while having the same dimensions.
- 1996: Analog stick: Nintendo in Japan
- 1996: Force feedback: Nintendo in Japan
- 1997: Non-mechanical digital audio player: SaeHan Information Systems[303] in South Korea
- 1997: Plasma television: Pioneer Corporation in Japan
- Analog modeling synthesizer: Korg in Japan
- Indium gallium nitride: Shuji Nakamura in Japan
3rd millennium
21st century
2000s
- Further information: 2000s in science and technology and List of emerging technologies
- 2000: Cel-shaded animation: Sega and Kronos
- 2001: Self-contained artificial heart
- 2001: Multi-touch device: Mitsubishi (DiamondTouch) in Japan
- 2001: PageRank: Sergey Brin and Larry Page in United States
- 2005: Reflective LCD panel: Shunpei Yamazaki[304] in Japan
- 2006: Glass integrated circuit: Shunpei Yamazaki[304] in Japan
- 2006: Plastic CPU (central processing unit): Shunpei Yamazaki[304] in Japan
- 2006: Heat-assisted magnetic recording: Fujitsu in Japan
- 2007: Multi-touch smartphone: Steve Jobs (Apple) in United States
2010s
- 2010: Infrared laser cane walking stick: Asil Abu Lil in Palestine [6]
- 2012: Plastic biofuel: Azza Abdel Hamid Faiad in Egypt [7]
- 2012: Quantum spacecraft propulsion: Aisha Mustafa in Egypt [8]
- 2013: Banana bioplastic: Elif Bilgin in Turkey [9]
- 2013: Electric double-layer supercapacitor: Eesha Khare [10] in United States
- 2013: Rapid battery charger: Eesha Khare [11] in United States
- 2013: Human-powered flashlight: Ann Makosinski [12] in Canada
Notes
- ↑ Harvard Gazette, Invention of cooking drove evolution of the human species
- ↑ Harvard Gazette, Invention of cooking drove evolution of the human species
- ↑ Hadfield, Peter, Gimme Shelter
- ↑ Earliest evidence of art found
- ↑ Evolving in their graves: early burials hold clues to human origins
- ↑ Scott Elias (12 September 2012). Origins of Human Innovation and Creativity. Elsevier, 28. ISBN 978-0-444-53821-5.
- ↑ Wadley L, Sievers C, Bamford M, Goldberg P, Berna F, Miller C. (2011). Middle Stone Age Bedding Construction and Settlement Patterns at Sibudu, South Africa. Science 9 December 2011: Vol. 334 no. 6061 pp. 1388-1391
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Backwell L, d'Errico F, Wadley L.(2008). Middle Stone Age bone tools from the Howiesons Poort layers, Sibudu Cave, South Africa. Journal of Archaeological Science, 35:1566-1580. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2007.11.006
- ↑ Jennifer Viegas (31 March 2008). "Early Weapon Evidence Reveals Bloody Past". Discovery News. http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2008/03/31/earliest-weapon-human.html.
- ↑ Pegg, Jr., Ed, Lebombo Bone
- ↑ (2009) "Clothes Make the (Hu) Man". Science 325 (5946). doi:10.1126/science.325_1329a. PMID 19745126.
- ↑ (2009) "30,000-Year-Old Wild Flax Fibers". Science 325 (5946). doi:10.1126/science.1175404. PMID 19745144.
- ↑ Small, Meredith F. (April 2002). "String theory: the tradition of spinning raw fibers dates back 28,000 years. (At The Museum)". Natural History 111.3.
- ↑ Keddie, Grant, The Atlatl Weapon[dead link]
- ↑ "Chinese pottery may be earliest discovered." Associated Press. 2009-06-01
- ↑ 16.00 16.01 16.02 16.03 16.04 16.05 16.06 16.07 16.08 16.09 16.10 16.11 16.12 16.13 16.14 16.15 16.16 16.17 16.18 16.19 16.20 Encyclopædia Britannica's Great Inventions, Encyclopædia Britannica
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<ref>tag; name "King-Astronomy" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 96.0 96.1 96.2 Donald Routledge Hill (1996), "Engineering", p. 766-9, in Rashed, Roshdi; Morelon, Régis (1996), Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science, Routledge, pp. 751-795, ISBN 0415124107
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<ref>tag; name "Hassani" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Ahmad Y Hassan (1976). Taqi al-Din and Arabic Mechanical Engineering, p. 34-35. Institute for the History of Arabic Science, University of Aleppo.
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See also
- List of inventors
- List of emerging technologies
- Inventions in the Islamic world
- List of Chinese inventions
- List of Indian inventions and discoveries
- List of Japanese inventions
- List of Korean inventions